Students

Cycle 35^th

Supervisor: Roberto Tonelli

PhD Project: Pre-clinical evaluation of MYCN selective inhibitor efficacy in adult Small-cell lung cancer.

The study aims to analyze the efficacy of a Peptide Nucleic Acid (PNA), as a therapeutic agent, in vitro and in murine model.

 Bachelor Degree in Biotechnology at University of Parma in 2014, then, in 2017, Master Degree in Pharmaceutical Biotechnology at University of Bologna.

Cycle 35^th

Supervisor: Prof. Marco Caprini

PhD Project: Molecular and functional study of neuropathic pain at gastrointestinal level in a murine model of Fabry Disease

The project aims to analyze the molecular (study of pain-related ion channels) and functional changes in the gastrointestinal tract of the α-Gal A KO mouse, in order to clarify the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying visceral pain in Fabry Disease.

Graduated in Molecular and Cellular Biology (110 cum laude, University of Bologna, 2017)

Cycle 35^th

Supervisor: Prof. Andrea Cavalli

The PhD research activity will be focused on the design and synthesis of new Multi Target Directed Ligands (MTDLs) as essential tools for the treatment of complex Central Nervous System disorders such as neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases. In detail, Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD) protocols, synthetic efforts and biological evaluation will be combined to discover novel prototype compounds for further optimization campaigns.    

Cycle 35^th

Supervisor: Prof. Moreno Paolini

PhD Project: Toxicological effects related to the use of new ENDS in an in vivo model

To date the ENDS or Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (such as e-cigarettes and heat not burn systems) are used worldwide by loads of people who do not know the real risks they are exposed to. My PhD project’s aim is to study those putative toxicological effects associated to ENDS consumption.

Cycle 35^th

Supervisor: Prof. Pier Luigi Martelli

PhD Project: Knowing the interaction sites of a protein is a key aspect of functional annotation and biomedical research. Interactomics is the field of study that focuses on discovering them, however nowadays we require accurate and automated pipelines. Our main focus will be the generation of computational methods that can infer the probability that a lateral side chain is part of an interaction site, starting from the sequence of the protein. For this purpose, we will use deep-learning approaches, exploiting known correlated features of the amino acids like the Accessible Surface Area and the Secondary Structure.

Cycle 35^th

Supervisor: Prof. Anna Minarini

PhD thesis: design and synthesis of new small molecules for neuroinflammation treatment.

Giambattista Marotta graduated in Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology from the University of Urbino with a thesis carried out at DCU (Ireland) on the synthesis of Porphyrin and Phthalocyanine derivatives for the treatment of cancer and/or neurological disorders. In his PhD project he focuses on the development of selective inhibitors of enzymes involved in neuroinflammation with a dual-target-directed strategy.

Cycle 35^th

Supervisor : Prof.ssa Natalia Calonghi

PhD Project "Identification of interactions between Chlamydia trachomatis and host cells"

The PhD project is focused on the sexually transmitted pathogen Chlamydia trachomatis and its interactions with the host or with ohter microorganisms, in order to further understand its infection mechanisms.

Cycle 35^th

Supervisor: Marco De Vivo

PhD Project: Characterization of function and inhibition of DNA Polymerase-ŋ in cancer.

DNA polymerase- η (Pol- η) is one of the specialized translesion synthesis (TLS) polymerases. Our aim is to find an inhibitor and to study the Pol-ƞ with X-rays crystallography

35^th Cycle

Supervisor : Andrea Cavalli

Project Title :  Innovative approaches to overcome drug-resistance in cancer

Development of new inhibitors of the BRCA2-RAD51 complex, to synergize PARP Inhibitors activity.

Cycle 35^th 

Supervisor: Maria Laura Bolognesi

PhD project: Design and synthesis of bifunctional small molecules for neglected and neurodegenerative diseases

Graduated in Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technologies at University of Bologna with 110/110 with honor in 2019. She spent a research period, finalized to the development of her Master thesis, at Universidad Complutense (Madrid) in the group of  Prof. J.C. Menendez, working on the synthesis of multi-target hybrids for the neurodegenerative Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. After the graduation, thanks to the Unipharma-Graduates Scholarship, she spent five months at KU-Leuven (Belgium) working in the field of photochemistry, to develop new synthetic strategies in continuous flow chemistry.  The current PhD project is focused on the design and synthesis of novel bifunctional compounds as potential treatment for neglected and neurodegenerative diseases.

aldo.divito2@unibo.it

Cycle 36^th

Supervisor: Prof.ssa Patrizia Hrelia

PhD project: Evaluation of new therapeutic strategies in cellular models of Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST)

Abstract: Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor (GIST) is a mesenchymal neoplasm most of the time (85% to 90% of GIST patients) associated with gain of function mutations in KIT (CD168) or platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA) receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). For those reasons, the therapeutic use of imatinib mesylate, a tyrosine-kinase inhibitor (TKI), has represented a remarkable clinical benefit for at-risk patients after complete surgical removal. However, resistance to imatinib eventually occurs and thirty to fifty percent of patients relapse within 5 years. In this context, it should be mandatory to identify new therapeutic targets and new lead compounds for the treatment of GISTs. Thus, the PhD project will be focused on the identification of new novel lead compounds for GIST treatment starting from plant-derived natural extracts and/or repositioning process.

Cycle 36^th

Supervisor: Marco De Vivo 

Co-supervisor UniBo: Maria Laura Bolognesi

PhD Project: RNA targeting with small molecules. It will be focused on the design, and mainly synthesis of small molecules capable of selectively targeting RNA.

Previous experience: Università di Milano - University of Liverpool: Masters Degree, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology, 2009-2015; 

Indena S.p.A.: R&D-Process Chemistry. APIs and intermediates, natural and synthetic: isolation from biomasses, semi-synthesis and synthesis, Feb. 2016- Oct. 2020. 

Cycle 36^th 

Supervisor: Prof.ssa Patrizia Brigidi

 PhD Thesis: Profiling compositional and functional structures of the microbiome from faecal samples of COVID-19 patients by NGS approaches - ORCHESTRA EU H2020 project

Project description: The PhD project is going to contribute to the ORCHESTRA project and aims to identify core gut microbiota features linked to COVID-19 severity and SARS-CoV2 infection susceptibility. The ORCHESTRA cohort will be the most large cohort of COVID-19 patients and population-based cohort linked to the COVID-19. Including both retrospective and prospective groups of individuals, this study enables also a prospective follow-up aimed at exploring long-term consequences of vaccination response.

Cycle 36^th

Supervisor: Prof.ssa Marinella Roberti

Co-supervisor: Dott.ssa Marcella Manerba

PhD project: “RAD51/BRCA2 disruption: identification of novel small molecule disruptors and molecular insights”

The PhD project concerns firstly the identification of new small molecules disruptors which target is the interaction between two proteins involved in DNA repair: RAD51 and BRCA2. Moreover, another task of this project is the identification of impaired cellular protein pathways after the disruption of RAD51/BRCA2 interaction.

Cycle 36^th

Supervisor: Prof.ssa Romana Fato

PhD project: Study on bioenergetics impairments induced by inhibition of CoQ10 biosynthesis.

PhD project is focused on study on bioenergetics impairments induced by inhibition of CoQ10 biosynthesis in several dease (primary and secondary CoQ deficency desase, aging, metabolic desease).

Bachelor degree on Biological Sciences at University of Bologna in 2016 .

Master degree on Molecular and Cell Biology at the University of Bologna in 2018.

I worked in the project “In vitro study on cellular uptake and bioenergetics effects of a new CoQ10 formulation” from 2019 to 2020 in collaboration with Indena S.P.A. (Milan).

Cycle 36^th

Supervisor: Prof.ssa Barbara Luppi

PhD Project title: Innovative strategies to improve nasal drug delivery

PhD Project: The aim of this PhD project is to develop innovative strategies to improve local and/or systemic treatments of both small molecules and biologics by increasing drug penetration into the nasal mucosa and/or drug permeation through the mucosa. The different aspects will be evaluated, such as the impact of probiotics and their metabolites on drug permeation/penetration and the ability of mucoadhesive mixed vesicles based on phospholipids and natural surfactants to enhance nasal drug penetration and permeation.

Cycle 36^th

Supervisor: Prof.ssa Manuela Bartolini

PhD Project Title: Assessment of albumin dysfunction in diabetic patients with kidney disease by SPR.

PhD Project: The general aim of this project is to establish a cost-effective bedside tool able to estimate the global HSA dysfunction by using the quantification of its binding capacity as a proxy. The specific aim is to provide insights on the correlation between HSA dysfunction and the severity of renal nephropathy in diabetic patients.

Previous experience: Università del Piemonte Orientale, Master’s Degree in Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology, 2014-2019.

Cycle 36^th

Supervisor: Prof.Stefano Iotti and Prof. Emil Malucelli

PhD Project title: "Bone biomineralization: a multimodal in/ex vivo study through Synchrotron-Based X-rays and NMR techniques"

Cycle 36^th

Supervisor: Prof. Andrea Cavalli

PhD Project: The study aims to validate in a pre-clinical setting a novel antipsychotic drug proposed as an innovative approach for the treatment of Bipolar Disease and Schizoaffective Disorder. Moreover, using the CRISPR-Cas9 technology for the DNA editing, the project investigates in a murine model the main side effects of the available antipsychotic drugs to identify suitable druggable targets.

MD Medicine and Surgery - 110/110 cum summa laude (2014), Specialist in Adult Psychiatry - 70/70 cum summa laude (2019), Research Fellow at University of Toronto – Dept. Pharmacology and Toxicology from 2018.

Cycle 37^th

Supervisor- Prof.ssa Marinella Roberti

Co-supervisor- Dr.ssa Carla Ferreri

PhD-project: “Fatty acid containing lipids and Membrane Lipid Therapy in Regenerative Medicine”

The industrial Apprenticeship Phd project, in collaboration with SILFRADENT S.r.l, is focused on the characterization of PRP (platelet rich plasma) and CGF (concentrated growth factors), evaluating the lipid signalling molecules which play a significant role in cell therapy for regenerative medicine. Including both test in vitro and in vivo, this study enables also the development of nutraceutical formulations and nutritional aspects aimed at tissue regeneration.

Cycle 37^th

Supervisor: Prof.ssa Monica Forni

Co-supervisor: Prof.ssa Patrizia Brigidi

PhD Thesis: Effects of medication assumption on the maternal milk microbiota and the newborn gut microbiota of Minipigs

Project Description: The aim of this project is to search for a non-clinical method to study the effect of medication on the maternal milk microbiota and the possible related effect on the infant gut microbiota (GM) composition. In order to do so, Gottingen Minipigs will be used as animal model: the effect of medication will be tested in vitro, by studying mammary epithelial permeability, and in vivo, by analysing maternal milk microbiota and piglets GM composition.

Cycle 37^th cycle

Project Description: The PhD project aims to investigate the BRCA2-RAD51 interaction involved in the DNA repair through Homologous Recombination for the discovery of new suitable drug for pancreatic cancer. These studies will be performed thanks to the development of tumor  organoids and 3D cultures. Finally, this project can lead us to a better comprehension of the HR mechanism and thus of the development of new therapies.

37^th cycle

Supervisor: Prof.ssa Patrizia Brigidi

PhD Thesis: Understanding the compositional and functional changes occurring in the human gut microbiome for the development of personalized therapeutic approaches.

Project description: The PhD project is focused on understanding how any change to the phylogenic structure of gut resident commensal communities can affect therapy or pathology progression through direct mechanisms, as drugs biotransformation, and indirect mechanisms, as the modulation of host metabolic and immunological functions. Thanks to this it will be possible develop new personalized integrated intervention strategies for the patients.

Cycle 37^th

Supervisor: Prof.ssa Patrizia Hrelia

PhD Title: Emerging contaminants and health: from the study of the effects of endocrine disruptors on human and environmental health to the development of strategies for their characterization.

Project Description: Master’s degree in Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technologies at University of Bologna with laude. Her PhD project aim to investigate the impact of endocrine disruptors (ED) on human and environmental health, focusing on ED present in drugs and products for personal care and hygiene. In particular, she is interested in the mechanisms of toxicity, especially neurotoxicity, of ED at a cellular level to understand which pathways are dysregulated and to predict prevention measures to reduce diseases associated with exposure to EDs and favor their removal from the environment. 

Cycle 37^th

Supervisor: Prof.ssa Marinella Roberti

Co-supervisor: Prof. Giovanni Bottegoni and Prof.ssa Maria Laura Bolognesi

PhD title: Green synthesis of biologically active compounds with the support of Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Project Description: The aim of this PhD project is to computationally de novo design new, green GSK-3  inhibitors for  Alzheimer’s disease treatment using deep learning SMILES-based generative architectures. Neural networks will be trained on non persistent, non bio-accumulative, non toxic substances. Valid generated molecules retaining a green profile will be evaluated with the goal of identifying a green synthetic route for each selected compound. In the last step of this project, our candidates will be eventually synthesized and tested.

Cycle 37^th

Supervisor: Giorgio Gallinella   

PhD Thesis:  “Investigation about the expression of cellular elements that are involved during the B19V infection”  

Project Description: The PhD project is focused on the investigation on virus-cell interactions during the B19V infection, mainly in order to understand the basis of viral tropism and pathogenesis. This investigation could help in developing efficient antiviral strategies that interfere with the early steps of the infection. The main determinant of B19V tropism and cell susceptibility is the presence of cellular receptors. In particular, a VP1u binding coreceptor is a molecule involved in B19V attachment and penetration. The distribution of viral coreceptor defines the set of susceptible cells, but the effective productivity of viral replication is critically linked to the intracellular environment. 

Therefore, my project will be focused on: 

1. identifying the VP1u coreceptor by immunoprecipitation and to characterize it using analytical techniques such as mass spectrometry;  
2. characterizing the intracellular environment and cell permissiveness factors mainly in Erythroid Progenitor Cells (EPCs). 

Cycle 37^th 

Supervisor: Andrea Cavalli 

Co-Supervisor: Marinella Roberti  

PhD Thesis: Design and synthesis of Rad51-BRCA disruptors to inhibit homologous recombination and achieve synthetic lethality in cancer cells 

Project Description: My PhD project aims to synthetize and optimize analogs of a quinoline-based Rad51-BRCA disruptor identified as a promising hit compound through a virtual screening campaign. Using a hit to lead strategy, I will carry out SAR studies around the most promising derivatives able to disrupt RAD51-BRCA interaction and trigger synthetic lethality in cancer cells, in combination with PARP inhibitors. The objective is to widen the use of PARPi in BRCA-competent and Olaparib resistant cancer. An innovative aspect of this project will be the use of an interactive in silico platform, supported by artificial intelligence, for the retrosynthetic study of the final products. 

Cycle 37^th

Supervisor: Maria Laura Bolognesi

PhD Project: Design and synthesis of Proteolysis Targeting Chimeras (PROTACs) for Neglected Tropical Diseases.

 Eleonora Testi obtained her MSc degree in Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technologies at University of Bologna with 110/110 with honour in 2021. After graduation, she spent five months at Coventry University, working in the field of computational chemistry, to conduct advanced simulations to tackle the early stages of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

In 2021 she started her PhD in Medicinal Chemistry at University of Bologna under the supervision of Prof. Maria Laura Bolognesi. Currently, she is working on the design and synthesis of PROTACs as a potential treatment for neglected tropical diseases.

Cycle 38^th

Supervisor: Professor Maurizio Recanatini
Co-supervisor: Professor Matteo Masetti
PhD title: Computational Characterization of Small Molecule-RNA Interaction
Project Description:  The project focuses on RNA as a drug target by studying known small molecule-RNA complexes. Computational methods will be used to investigate available complexes and representative case studies will be selected. Molecular Dynamics simulations will be used to study the nucleic acid’s conformational ensemble and the binding mechanism between the small molecule and RNA.
Personal background: Graduated in Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology at Università di Bologna in 2022.

Cycle 38^th

Supervisor: Professor Rita Morigi

Co-supervisor: Professor Maria Laura Bolognesi

PhD title: Design and synthesis of heterocyclic small molecules as anti-proliferative agents against innovative targets

Project Description:  During the PhD, our aim will be to directly contribute to the cancer research, designing heterocyclic scaffolds that could actually work as antiproliferative agents. To successfully obtain results on these fields, we will optimize the activity on known structures such as DNA’s G4s, but we will also synthetize new molecules studying their activity on innovative targets.

Personal background: Daniele Esposito obtained his MSc degree in Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technologies at University of Naples “Federico II” with 110/110 with honour in 2022, working on a Medicinal Chemistry Thesis. Following the graduation, he spent the next five months at the Max Planck Institute for Molecular Physiology in Dortmund, Germany, to work on the synthesis of RIBOTACs as Erasmus Trainee.

After the Traineeship, he started his PhD in Medicinal Chemistry at the University of Bologna, under the supervision of Professor Rita Morigi, to work on the synthesis of anti-proliferative small molecules against innovative targets.

Cycle 38^th

Supervisor: Marco De Vivo

PhD title: Molecular simulations of large regulatory RNA

Project description: Integration of computational, structural and biochemical data in order to disclose the 3D architecture of large regulatory RNAs and their functional dynamics.

Personal background: Master degree in Scienze Chimiche at Università degli Studi di Milano, M2 in In Silico Drug Design at Universitè Paris Citè (double degree)

Cycle 38^th

Supervisor: Prof. Moreno Paolini

Co-supervisor: Dott.ssa Donatella Canistro

PhD title: Impact of Heated Tobacco Products on oxidative status and inflammatory processes involved in the development of peripheral and CNS damage

Project Description: The aim of the PhD research project is to evaluate the effects of HTPs emission on oxidative stress and antioxidant enzymatic machinery as well as on key signalling pathways involved in cell cycle, apoptosis, and DNA damage.

Cycle 38^th

Supervisor: Prof. Santi Mario Spampinato

Co-supervisor: Dott.ssa Monica Baiula

PhD Title: “Analysis of the anti-cancer and antinflammatory effects of innovative integrin ligands”

Project Description: The aim of the PhD research project is the pharmacological characterization of innovative integrin ligands. In particular, we’re going to evaluate compounds effects in reducing tumor cells survival, proliferation and metastasis; as well as integrin antagonists ability in reducing inflammation in inflammatory-based diseases.

Cycle 38^th

Supervisor: Prof.ssa Alessandra Bisi

PhD title: Targeting enzymes involved in neurodegeneration.

Project description: This PhD project aims to design and synthesize new potential drug candidates targeting enzymes that play a crucial role in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. I will focus on the design and synthesis of new molecules with simultaneous modulation of three kinases, GSK-3b, Fyn and DYRK-1A, and on the design and synthesis of new potential COX inhibitors.

Personal background: Graduated in Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technologies from Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna with 110/110 with honor in 2022, with a thesis focused on the design and synthesis of dual inhibitors toward two kinases involved in neuroinflammation.

Cycle 38^th

Supervisor: Prof.ssa Patrizia Brigidi

Co-supervisor: Dott.ssa Serena Tongiani

PhD title: Plant extract nutraceutical ingredients as modulators of the gut microbiome: insights into their mechanisms of action from a prophylactic and therapeutic perspective

Project Description: Plant extract nutraceutical ingredients are very promising modulators of the gut microbiota, given the historical use of most of them in ameliorating symptoms of gastrointestinal disorders, however, their impact on gut microbiota composition and functionality is less explored. By setting up an ex vivo minimal gut model and in vivo experiments, the PhD project aims to provide insights into the mechanisms underlying gut microbiota modulating properties of plant extract-based nutraceuticals. The results of this study could ultimately support the use of plant extract nutraceutical ingredients in personalized intervention strategies for treating diseases in which dysbiosis plays a key role.

Personal background: Graduated in Pharmaceutical Biotechnology at University of Bologna with 110/110 cum laude in 2022.

Cycle 38^th

Supervisor: Prof. Stefano Iotti 

Co-Supervisor: Dott.ssa Concettina Cappadone

PhD title: Set up of a 3D osteosarcoma model: studying tumor microenvironment and testing differentiating treatment.

Project description: Osteosarcoma is a heterogeneous malignant disease characterized by loss of differentiation blocks leading to the formation of immature cells with an aggressive phenotype. This PhD project is focused on developing a 3D model of osteosarcoma to gain new insights into the pathogenesis of the tumor and suggest a therapeutic strategy. To mimic the complexity of the tumor microenvironment, different cell types, especially endothelial cells and mesenchymal stem cells, will be co-cultured.

 Personal background: Graduated in Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technologies from Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna in 2022.

Cycle 38^th

Supervisor: Andrea Cavalli 

Co-Supervisor: Francesco Di Palma e Sergio Decherchi 

PhD title: Innovative strategy for Binding Free Energy computation

Project description: evaluate the state of the art of Free Energy estimators and define innovative strategy for the binding free energy computation by using alchemical and phisical path-based appproach. 

Cycle 38^th
Supervisor: Prof. Patrizia Brigidi
Co-supervisor: Dr. Vittorio Lucchini
PhD title: Identification and study of the healthy microbiota profile in the italian population and identification of microbials signature associated with non-communicable diseases related to nutrition 

Project Description: The aim of my PhD project is the study and characterization of specific gut microbiota signatures associated with specific NC pathologies through metagenomics and bioinformatics approach.

Personal background: Graduated in Experimental and Applied Biology at University of Pavia. I am a molecular biologist at NGB Genetics dealing with ngs, genotyping, STR analysis and forensic analysis.

Cycle 38th

Supervisor: Prof. Romana Fato

Co-supervisor: Prof. Christian Bergamini

PhD title: Study of the role of the mevalonate pathway inhibition on the CoQ10 and Cholesterol levels in cultured cells

Project Description: Statins represent the golden standard therapy for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia; however the treatment produces some side effects, such as mialgia. Statins inhibit the HMG-CoA reductase enzyme, which is the key enzyme for the  biosynthesis of cholesterol, coenzyme Q10 and other molecules. This project aims to study the impact of statins on mitochondria and the CoQ10 levels in order to establish a possible connection with mialgia.

Personal background: Graduated in Pharmaceutical Biotechnologies  (110 cum laude, University of Bologna, 2020)

Cycle 38^th

Supervisor: Professor Andrea Cavalli

Co-supervisor: Dr. Stefania Girotto

PhD title: Structural and biophysical characterization of novel targets for synthetic lethality in cancer 

Project description: The phD research concerns the structural and functional characterization of synthetic lethal targets involved in DNA repair pathways in order to investigate their molecular mechanisms for the development of novel, effective and highly selective lead candidates for cancer. First studies will be focused on RAD52, a DNA repair-related protein, whose inhibition leads to synthetic lethality in the presence of Homologues Recombination deficiencies, in several cancer-related pathologies. 

Cycle 38^th

Supervisor: Castrense Savojardo

PhD title: Prediction of protein interaction sites from its sequence with deep-learning approaches

Project Description: Recent advances in structural bioinformatics have shown that, thanks to deep learning methods, is possible to accurately predict the folding of a protein chain starting from the sequence and evolutionary information. This astonishing result has been reached by DeepMind's algorithm AlphaFold2 that won the CASP14 competition.

This achievement paves the way to the problem of protein-protein interactions (PPI) that focuses on how protein chains interact with each other in order to justify the formation of functional protein complexes (protein quaternary structures).

The aim of the project is to develop a deep learning program that is able to predict the residues involved in an interaction site, starting only from the sequence of the protein.

 Personal background:

• Bachelor degree on Scienze Biologiche at the University of Palermo in 2020. Thesis title; "Monitoraggio della popolazione di flebotomi sull'isola di Pantelleria".
• Master degree on Bioinformatics at the University of Bologna in 2022. Thesis title; "Characterization of a dataset for protein-protein interaction prediction methods in the AlphaFold2 era"

Cycle 38^th

Supervisor: Silvia Turroni

PhD title: Multi-omic profiling of disease-associated microbiomes for the development of precision and customized intervention strategies

Project description:
Given the fundamental role of GM in maintaining the metabolic and immunologic homeostasis of the host, its potential for modulation in a targeted and precise way appears increasingly relevant in the healthcare field. In drug discovery, the “one disease–one target–one drug” approach is a common practice, mainly to simplify compound screening, reduce unwanted side effects, and simplify registration. However, this approach oversimplifies disease mechanisms, which are actually complex subnetworks within the interactome. The PhD project will address this issue, demonstrating that through the analysis of the GM composition of patients it is possible to identify the species linked to a certain disease, which can then be used as a means of early diagnosis and as a target to investigate the accuracy of diagnosis and tailored intervention strategies for the treatment of a given disease. If proven effective, new therapies could be identified for the treatment of diseases that do not yet have a definitive treatment, such as obesity, metabolic syndrome or cancer.

Personal Background: Graduated in Medical Biotechnology at University of Bologna with 110/110 cum laude in 2022.

Cycle 38th

Supervisor: Prof. Pier Luigi Martelli

Co-supervisor: Prof. Castrense Savojardo

PhD Title: Development of computational methods for the structural and functional annotation of biological macromolecules and their variants, in the context of the ELIXIR tool ecosystem

Project Description: Understanding protein function is still limited even for the human organism, as a large fraction of coding regions is completely missing any annotation. Dissecting the precise relation between the occurrence of single-residue protein variations (SRVs) and their potential pathogenicity is particularly important in in biomedical research and passes through the understanding of the specific mechanism disrupting the protein physiological behavior in the context of the cell complexity. For this reason, the availability of computational deep learning approaches for predicting the impact of human SRVs at different levels is crucial for a better understanding of the genotype-phenotype relation and the disease onset upon mutation.

Personal background: Master’s degree in Bioinformatics, Bologna University (2023). Bachelor’s degree in Biotecnologie agro-industriali, Sapienza University, Rome (2020). Previous career in quantitative finance, performance, and risk management modelling.