A.Y. 2023/2024

You may see the available courses schedule on this Google Calendar

The Calendar will be updated as soon as the info is available.

type: fundamental courses area: interdisciplinary

15 h period: March - June 2024

This graduate level course will overview the mathematical theory underpinning popular tools and algorithms in network science. After a brief introduction to graph theory, the course will move on to describing central concepts in complex networks including (but not limited to) centrality measures, motifs and clustering. 

• Classify problems addressed by network scientists; 
• Develop a mathematical understanding of classical tools; 
• Criticize current literature on the topics of the course.
  

type: fundamental courses area: INF-01

12 h schedule: March 18 - 21 2024

https://www.cs.unibo.it/~babaoglu/chpc/

Two    recent    technological    trends    have    emerged    as    being    undeniable:

(i)    an    increasing    number    of    services    and    applications    are    being    provided    through    cloud    computing, 

(ii)    scientific    progress    is    increasingly    being    driven    by    data    and    computation    through    highperformance    computing.

In    both    cases,    the    platforms    that    they    run    on    no    longer    resemble    pizza    boxes    or    refrigerators,    but    warehouses    full    of    computers.    Large    portions    of    the    hardware    and    software    resources    in    these    facilities    must    continue    to    work    correctly    and    in    concert    to    efficiently    deliver    services,    even    in    the    presence    of    errors    and    failures.

This    goal    can    only    be    achieved    through    a    holistic    approach    to    their    design    and    deployment    where    the    datacenter    itself    is    treated    as    one    massive    warehouse-scale computer. In    this    course    we    will    examine    the    technical    challenges    that    need    to    be    confronted    in    
modern    cloud    and    high-performance    computing.

We    will    examine    a    number    of    innovative    data-driven    techniques    that    can    be    employed    to    affront    important    questions including    their    energy    efficiency    and    reliability.

referent: Pierluigi Contucci

type: fundamental courses area: MAT-01

12 h schedule: February 6 (Seminario VIII piano), 8 (aula Pincherle), 13 (aula Enriques), 15 (aula Arzelà), 20 and 22 (Seminario II) 2024 / h. 14:00 - 16:00

Zoom Link for the fist lecture on February 6: https://unibo.zoom.us/j/81175916425?pwd=b3pZZWZjMlpYRTc2azdtS1JnTjBodz09

One of the leading questions in many mathematical research programs is whether a certain collection of objects can be classified under some notion of equivalence using some “simple” invariants. Invariant descriptive set-theory provides a formal framework for measuring the intrinsic complexity of classification problems and for establishing such negative anti-classification results. In this course we will take a deep dive into this anti-classification "toolkit" and we will show how to use topological dynamics as obstruction to classification by "simple" types of invariants. We will cover both classical results, such as Hjorth's theory of turbulence, as well as some very recent developments in relation to algebraic topology and classification by (co)homological invariants.

referent: Martino Lupini

type: advanced courses area: MAT-02/03

18 h schedule:

• March 5, h. 16-18 - Bombelli
• March 6, h. 15-17 - Seminario II
• March 19, h.16-18 - Bombelli
• March 20, h. 15-17 - Seminario II
• March 26, h. 16-18 - Bombelli
• March 27, h. 15-17 - Seminario II
• April 2, h. 16-18 - Bombelli
• April 3, h. 15-17 - Seminario II
• April 9, h. 16-18 - Arzelà

The aim of the first part of this PhD course is to give a detailed introduction to the construction of the derived categories of coherent sheaves for a smooth projective variety: after reviewing the no#tions of additive, abelian and triangulated categories we describe the derived category of an abelian category, and we apply such construction to the category of coherent sheaves. Along the way, we establish the six-functor formalism and we illustrate some examples. The second part of the course introduces the notions of semiorthogonal decompositions and exceptional collections, as a main ex#ample we consider Beilinson’s full exceptional collection for Pn (and Kapranov’s generalization to Grassmannians). Moreover, we describe the classical results about semiorthogonal decompositions of blowups, projective bundles and hyperplane sections of projective bundles, together with some further generalizations. We establish the concept of mutations of exceptional objects, and give some examples and applications. In the final lectures we consider recent results and open questions in the study of derived categories of homogeneous varieties.

type: advanced courses area: MAT-02/03

20 h

schedule: March 25 h. 14-16 / April 3 h. 11-13 / 4 h. 15-17 / 8 h. 14-16 / 10 h. 11-13 / 22 h. 16-18 / 24 h. 11-13 / 29 h. 14-16 - room: seminario II / except March 25 aula VII piano, April 3 seminario I.

Coxeter groups play a fundamental role in several areas of mathema6cs: they occur as Weyl groups in Lie theory, Kazhdan-Lusztig theory, for Cluster algebras or in algebraic geometry; they are the discrete reflection groups acting on spaces of constant curvature in geometry and they are fundamental to define buildings in geometric group theory. Properties of these groups are often key to a deep understanding of the main relevant structures for these areas. We will start by covering the basics of Coxeter group theory: exchange and deletion condi6ons, Matsumoto theorem, geometric representations and root systems. We will apply
the theory to show that any discrete group generated by reflections in spherical, Euclidean or hyperbolic geometry is a Coxeter group. Then we will be discussing the interplay between root systems, the weak order, the Bruhat order and the Cayley graph with its word-metric. We will end this part by showing that Coxeter groups are automa6c (Brink-Howlett theorem). The final part of this class will be dedicated to current research developments. In particular, we will be focusing our attention on Garside shadows, Shi arrangements and their relationship with the (still open) word problem in Artin-Tits (braid) groups and the bi-automaticity of Coxeter groups. Exercises and open problems (old and new) will be given along the lectures.

referent: Riccardo Biagioli

type: advanced courses area: MAT-02/03

25 h schedule: on Mondays and on Fridays February 12 - March 15 2024 h. 10:30 - 13:00 room Seminario II except Feb 12: Seminario I and Feb 16: aula Arzelà.

Bounded cohomology of discrete groups is a functional-analytic variant of ordinary cohomology introduced by Trauber and Johnson in the seventies in the context of Banach algebras. Later, Gromov extended the notion of bounded cohomology to topological spaces in his pioneering paper “Volume and bounded cohomology” (1982). Since then bounded cohomology has grown as an independent and active field with applications to geometric group theory, geometric topology and Riemannian geometry.

type: fundamental courses area: MAT-02/03

22 h schedule: November 6, 13, 20, 27, December 4, 11, 18 2023 / h. 14 - 16

We will introduce Eulerian and Narayana numbers using a modern approach with a particular attention to examples. The
course focuses on the presence of those numbers in topology, in representation theory and other parts of Mathematics. We will
present generating functions for those sequences, famous identities, counting properties (such as pattern-avoiding permutations,
Dyck paths, binary trees, non-crossing partitions...) and gamma-nonnegativity. Finally, we consider application to hyperplane
arrangements, polytopes and Coxeter groups.

learning verification mode: seminar on course topics

type: fundamental courses area: MAT-02/03

18 h + 18 h

referents: Giovanni Mongardi, Roberto Pagaria, Andrea Petracci.

Part 1

lecturer: Masahiko Yoshinaga (University of Osaka)

6 h schedule: 6-10 November 2023

Part 2

lecturer: Yoshinori Gongyo (University of Tokyo)

6 h period: TBA

Part 3

lecturer: Shouhei Ma (Tokyo Institute of Technology)

6 h schedule: April 22 - 23 - 24 , 2024 / h. 14-16 / rooms: Tonelli - Bombelli - Arzelà.

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+ 18 h on-line, lecturers: Yoshioka, Oguiso, Tanaka  (TBC) period: TBA

type: advanced courses area: MAT-03

12 h period: March - May 2024

A hyperkähler manifold X is a compact, complex, Kähler manifold such that π1pXq “ 0 and H0 pΩ 2 Xq “ C ¨ σX, where σX is an everywhere non-degenerate holomorphic 2-form. Due to the Beuville-Bogomolov decomposition theorem, hyperkähler manifolds are one of the building blocks of compact complex Kähler manifolds with trivial canonical bundle. In dimension 2 hyperkähler manifolds are K3 surfaces. The first example of hyperkähler manifolds in dimension grater then two was exhibited by Beauville in the 80’s. After Beauville, twenty years later, O’Grady exhibited two new deformation classes, one in dimensions six and one in dimension ten. These varieties turns out to be an excellent class for proving general conjectures in algebraic geometry, but finding new examples is quite hard. For this purpose, to study automorphisms of hyperkähler manifolds plays a crucial role: one possible expectation is to construct new deformation classes of hyperkähler manifolds as fixed locus of (symplectic) automorphisms. Another relevant reason to study automorphisms is related to a recent research direction regarding singular hyperkähler varieties. Recently some main results that are true for hyperkähler manifolds have been proved for a class of varieties that are hyperkähler with mild singularities. The Beauville-Bogomolov decomposition theorem was proved for singular varieties, and it was obtained in 2018 thanks to the combined efforts of Höring- Peternell (Inv. Math 2019), Druel (Inv. Math 2018), and Greb-Guenancia-Kebekus (Geom. Topol. 2019). A large class of examples of these varieties is made by quotients of smooth hyperkähler manifolds by a symplectic group.

type: advanced courses area: MAT-03

30 h schedule: November 2 - December 21 / on Tuesdays aula Arzelà and Thursdays Seminario VIII piano / 14:00 - 16:00

Il corso si incentrerà sullo studio dei fibrati iperolomorfi sulle varietà HyperKaehler (HK), e terminerà con uno studio dettagliato della categoria derivata di queste varietà. Successivamente, proseguirà con un gruppo di lavoro sui fasci modulari, argomento che costituisce una generalizzazione dei fibrati proiettivamente iperolomorfi

type: fundamental courses area: MAT-03

20 h schedule: November 29, h 16-18 / aula Bombelli

December 5, h. 9-11 / aula Cremona

December 7, h. 12-14 / seminario VIII piano

January 9, h. 16-18 / aula Vitali

January 11, h. 16-18 / aula Seminario VIII piano

February 15, h. 11-13 / aula Vitali

February 19, h. 14-16 / aula Tonelli

February 22, h. 16-18 / aula Tonelli

February 26, h. 14-16 / aula Tonelli

February 29, h. 14-16 / aula Tonelli

Toric varieties are algebraic varieties which are constructed in a combinatorial flavour from objects of discrete geometry, such as lattice polytopes and cones. There is an (almost perfect and very fruitful) dictionary between the algebro-geometric properties of toric varieties (e.g. dimension, singularities, Betti numbers) and the combinatorial properties of their combinatorial avatars. For this reason, toric varieties lie at the intersection of algebraic geometry, discrete geometry, algebraic combinatorics and matroids, and also of symplectic geometry and differential geometry. In this course we present the 3 basic constructions of toric varieties (from a fan, from a polytope, from a linear action of an algebraic torus on an affine space) and the main properties of toric varieties (e.g. singularities, line bundles and divisors, cohomology of line bundles, topology, resolution of singularities). The target audience of this class is PhD students in algebra or in geometry, not necessarily algebraic geometry. Only very basic knowledge of algebraic geometry is needed: in particular, we will assume that the participants are a bit familiar with affine varieties over algebraically closed fields and know how to manipulate polynomials and ideals of polynomials. The detailed choice of the topics presented in the course will depend on the knowledge and on the research interests of the audience.

type: fundamental courses area: MAT-03

12 h schedule: May 20, 21, 23, 27, 28, and 30 / h. 14:00 - 16:00 / room: Seminario II

The aim of this course is to introduce topological data analysis (TDA) and its main algorithm, persistent homology (PH). PH is a computational tool, whose aim is to study the “shape” of data via topological techniques. PH has been used with increasing frequency and success to quantify the structure of complex data. Among other applications, PH has enabled novel insights in cancer studies, pathology, evolution, ecology and material science.

In this course we will look at the standard PH pipeline, a number of different software programs and computational tools, some real-world applications, and some theoretical generalisations (multiparameter persistence, zig-zag persistence, etc.)

referent: Stefano Riolo

type: advanced courses area: MAT-05

18 h period: June - July 2024

We will start by briefly recalling known properties of harmonic functions, while approaching more detailedly the properties of solutions to the Heat equation, regarded from a nonlinear viewpoint (no integral representation nor comparison principle). We will then enter the core of the course by building the theory of De Giorgi classes of growth p, exposed for the sake of simplicity only for the case of the p-Laplacean operator. Here we will study:

(1) Local boundedness of local weak solutions;

(2) The phaenomenon of Expansion of Positivity and its consequences:

(a) Harnack inequality and H¨older continuity;

(b) Rigidity properties (Liouville-type theorems).

Hence we will relate these methods to the regularity theory for the quasi minima of integrals of the calculus of variations of growth p. Finally (time permitting) through the method acquainted, we will briefly introduce the state of the art of this theory in the context of parabolic equations: here the non homogeneity between time and space requires a significantly different approach, bearing the name of intrinsic scaling.

type: advanced courses area: MAT-05

12 h schedule: November 7 - December 12 / on Tuesdays / 12 - 2 pm / room Seminario VIII piano (on November 14 room Seminario II).

Abstract. This is a course at the interface of complex analysis, asymptotic analysis and applied mathematics, highlighting recent developments in these areas.

The mathematical theory of diffraction comprises the rigorous study of the interaction of waves with obstacles, which, for example, finds application in civil and aerospace engineering (noise control, antenna technology, solar technology, etc.), and has sparked the development of numerous mathematical techniques during the past century (such as the Wiener-Hopf and Sommerfeld-Malyuzhinets technique). Mathematically, such interaction of waves with obstacles, henceforth referred to as ‘diffraction problem’, can be formulated as boundary value problem to the time-harmonic wave-equation (Helmholtz equation).
In the first half, we mathematically explain the notion of ‘diffraction problem’ and how complex analysis involving a single complex variable has proved to be a powerful tool in studying such wave-propagation phenomena. In the second half, we outline the limitations of classical one complex variable techniques and give an overview of current developments aiming to link the theory of several complex variables to certain unsolved diffraction problems.
Throughout the course, examples and optional exercises are provided to deepen the students’ understanding. No prior knowledge on diffraction theory or complex analysis in several variables is required.

referent: Loredana Lanzani

type: fundamental courses area: MAT-05

16 h schedule:

10 aprile     9:00-12:00  aula Seminario II
17 aprile     9:00-11:00  aula Seminario I
24 aprile     9:00-11:00  aula Seminario II
2   maggio  9:00-12:00  aula Seminario II
8   maggio  9:00-11:00  aula Seminario II
9   maggio  9:00-11:00  aula Seminario II
15 maggio  9:00-11:00  aula Seminario II

A function of bounded variation (BV) is a summable function whose distributional gradient is a finite vector valued Radon measure. Hence, the space of BV functions represents a natural extension of the Sobolev space W^{1,1}, and, due to its crucial weak compactness property, it plays a fundamental role in Calculus of Variations. In particular, there are measurable sets whose characteristic functions belong to the space BV: these are called sets of finite perimeter, and they generalize the idea of manifolds with smooth boundary. Despite being quite irregular, BV functions enjoy interesting fine properties, such as the existence of precise representatives up to codimension one Hausdorff negligible sets. After recalling basic definitions and results, we will introduce the notion of rectifiability and prove De Giorgi’s structure theorem for sets of finite perimeter. Then, we will present the coarea formula and we will exploit it to prove the approximate continuity of a BV function outside its jump set and the absolute continuity property of its gradient. Finally, we will treat the decomposition of the gradient of a BV function and Federer-Vol’pert theorem. Time permitting, the course will also include Vol’pert Leibniz rule and integration by parts formulas for BV functions on sets of finite perimeter.

type: fundamental courses area: MAT-05

15 h period: February - May 2024

Obiettivo del corso è mostrare alcuni risultati base riguardanti la regolarità delle soluzioni delle equazioni differenziali alle derivate parziali del secondo ordine della forma di Hörmander, in seguito al celebre risultato ottenuto da L. Hörmander nel 1967, [5].

Il risultato in [5] ha risolto il problema dell’ipoellitticità C∞: se l’algebra di Lie generata dai campi vettoriali X` e dei loro commutatori di lunghezza al più r ha dimensione n, ossia quella dello spazio ambiente, allora PH è C∞-ipoellittico.

L’ipotesi del teorema di Hörmander d’ora in poi verrà detta condizione di Hörmander. La prova di tale risultato verrà data seguendo J.J. Kohn, [6]

type: advanced courses area: MAT-05

16 h

schedule:

20/03 h. 9 - 11, room: seminario II
20/03 h. 16 - 18, room: aula Tonelli
21/03 h. 9 - 11, room: seminario VIII piano
21/03 h. 16 - 18, room: seminario VIII piano
25/03 h. 9 - 11, room: seminario II
25/03 h. 16 - 18, room: aula Arzelà
27/03 h. 9 - 11, room: seminario II
27/03 h. 16 - 18, room: aula Tonelli

Abstract:

type: advanced courses area: MAT-05

16 h schedule: March 4 - 27 / on Mondays h. 15-17 and on Wednesdays h. 11-13 / room: Seminario II  *Monday March 25 h 11-13* 

Then we will see how these concepts are extended in a non-autonomous context. Afterwards we will give the main ideas concerning the horseshoe construction and the presence of chaotic phenomena arising near transversal intersections between stable and unstable manifolds. Finally we give some hints on Melnikov theory which establishes some conditions sufficient for the persistence of homoclinic trajectories to perturbations and the insurgence of chaos.

type: fundamental courses area: MAT-05

30 h schedule:

• 16 April h. 9 - 12 Seminario I
• 23 April h. 9 - 12 Seminario II
• 24 April h. 11 - 13 aula Arzelà
• 30 April h. 9 - 12 Seminario II
• 3 May h. 9 - 11 Seminario II
• 7 May h. 9 - 12 Seminario II
• 10 May h. 11 - 13 Seminario II
• 14 May h. 9 - 12 Seminario II
• 17 May h. 9 - 11 Seminario II
• 21 May h. 9 - 12 Seminario II
• 24 May h. 9 - 11 Seminario II

Program:

• The Heat operator H;
• Caloric functions;
• Fundamental solution;
• Solvability of the Cauchy problem;
• Green identity;
• Some representation formulas in terms of H;
• Smoothness of caloric functions and some convergence theorems;
• Weak caloric functions;
• Mean value Theorem for caloric functions;
• Reverse of the Mean Value Property;
• The caloric strong Maximum Principle;
• The weak caloric Harnack inequality;
• Monotone sequences of caloric functions;
• The caloric Harnack inequality;
• The parabolic weak maximum principle for the heat operator;
• Uniqueness for the Cauchy problem;
• Some representation theorems on strips;
• Liouville theorems for caloric functions;
• The caloric Dirichlet problem: the Perron method.

type: advanced courses area: MAT-06

10 h schedule:

• 13 May 2024, Mon 11:00 – 13:00
• 15 May 2024, Wed 11:00 – 13:00
• 17 May 2024, Fri 11:00 – 13:00
• 20 May 2024, Mon 11:00 – 13:00
• 22 May 2024, Wed 11:00 – 13:00
• 24 May 2024, Fri 11:00 – 13:00

Program:

•  Pathwise uniqueness without Lipschitz coeffients.
• Existence and uniqueness in law in the Stroock-Varadhan framework.
• The case of SDEs with distributional drift.
• McKean-Vlasov equations in the case of measurable coefficients.
• McKean-Vlasov equations in the case of distributional coefficients.

referent: Stefano Pagliarani

type: fundamental courses area: MAT-07

6 h schedule: November 29 - December 13, 2023 / on Wednesdays / 2:00-4:00 pm / November 29 room Aula Vitali - December 6 and 13 room Seminario VIII piano

This course introduces Rational Extended Thermodynamics (RET), a recently developed theory of non-equilibrium thermodynamics, with a focus on its mathema#tical aspects. The theory leads to the derivation of a hyperbolic system of partial differential equations as its closed field equations that describe fluids, which will be discussed. Specifically, the course will focus on the following three points: (1) Issues with the traditional theory of fluid dynamics: First, we will overview the traditional theory of fluid dynamics, the Navier-Stokes-Fourier (NSF) theory, summarize the problems arising from the fact that it is based on a
parabolic system, and discuss the construction methods of hyperbolic partial differential equation systems beyond the NSF theory.

Additionally, we will re-evaluate the kinetic theory of gases and di#scuss the structure of the system of balance equations describing fluids should have. (2) Construction of RET: We will demonstrate that RET can derive a closed set of field equations based on three requirements: the material frame indifference principle, the entropy principle, and causality. Further, we will discuss the mathematical structure of this hyperbolic system and its limits to parabolic theory as a coarse graining theory of RET. (3) Development of RET: It is known that the structure of the system of balance equations in RET varies depending on the fluid being studied. We will introduce the recently proposed RET for polyatomic gases and discuss the differences from the system for monatomic gases and its singular limit to monatomic gases.

referent: Andrea Mentrelli

type: fundamental courses area: MAT-07

16 h schedule: April 9 h. 11-13 Seminario VIII piano / April 16 - May 28, on Tuesdays, h. 16-18 Aula Enriques.

type: fundamental courses area: MAT-07

20 h schedule: December 7 h 10-12 / Seminario VIII piano

December 13 h 9-11 / Seminario VIII piano

December 14 h 11-13 / Seminario VIII piano

December 20 h 10-12 / Seminario VIII piano

December 21 h 11-13 / Seminario VIII piano

January 10 h 10-13 / Aula Arzelà

January 11 h 10-13/ Aula Arzelà

January 15 h 10-12/ Aula Arzelà

January 16 h 10-12/ Aula Arzelà

This course covers the basic principles of differential geometry and its application to special and general relativity, some important exact solutions of the Einstein field equations, the singularity theorems, the Cauchy problem in general relativity, and some generalities about (classical) black holes. In detail:

• Short overview of Special Relativity.

• Non-inertial motion and the notion of observer.

• The Equivalence Principle: Newton’s gravity vs. Special Relativity, weak and Einstein’s equivalence principles, physical implications.

• Short review of Differential Geometry, if necessary.

• Postulates of General Relativity.

• Einstein’s field equations: variational derivation;

• Exact solutions & Carter-Penrose diagrams: Minkowski, Schwarzschild, Reissner-Nordstr¨om, Kerr.

• Uniqueness (no-hair) theorems.

• Causality theory on Lorentzian manifolds.

• Singularity theorems: Hawking and Penrose.

• Cauchy problem in General Relativity: Cauchy horizons and loss of predictability

referent: Andrea Mentrelli

type: fundamental courses area: MAT-05/08

20 h schedule: first part March 1, 8, 15 and 22, April 5 / on Fridays 14:30-16:30 second part April 9, 12, 16, 19, 23 / on Tuesdays h 14-16 on Fridays h 11-13 / Seminario II

The course aims to give an overview on first order nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) from both, a theoretical and a numerical point of view. The first part of the course is an introduction to mathematical control theory and first order Hamilton#Jacobi equations. We begin with the description of some model problems (the minimum time problem, the Mayer prob#lem, the Bolza problem, problems with infinite horizon, ...). Then, we consider the value function of an optimal control problem and the related Hamilton-Jacobi equation (a first order nonlinear PDE). Next, we discuss the existence of a solution of a first order nonlinear PDE, dealing with the method of the characteristics (local classical solution) and the method of vanishing viscosity (global weak solutions). Finally, we discuss the notion of solution in the viscosity sense, providing some basic results on the existence, the regularity, and the uniqueness of the viscosity solution. In the second part of the course, we focus on the numerical approximation of some non-linear PDEs, including the eikonal equation and Hamilton-Jacobi equations. We start comparing schemes based on finite difference and semi-Lagrangian schemes in the linear case, with the related convergence theory. Then, we move to the nonlinear case, also discussing the stability concepts for Hamilton-Jacobi equations and how to get convergence results in that case. Finally, we present examples of stationary and evolutive problems in Image Processing which can be mdeled by this kind of nonlinear PDEs. A small laboratory activity is also planned, with examples of construction of algorithms in MATLAB and numerical simulations.

type: advanced courses area: MAT-08

12 - 15 h period: April - July 2024

In questo corso verranno presentati ed analizzati gli avanzamenti recenti sui metodi numerici per la risoluzione di problemi di grandi dimensioni di algebra lineare numerica (sistemi lineari, valutazione di funzioni di matrici, ecc.).

In particolare, verranno trattati sia gli aspetti teorici associati alla derivazione dei metodi e la loro comprensione teorica, che il loro uso in contesti applicativi di grande attualita’.

type: advanced courses area: MAT-08

part of Summer School Mathematics and Machine Learning for Image Analysis

type: schools, seminars and other courses area: MAT-08

42 h period: 4 - 12 June 2024

referents: Serena Morigi, Alessandro Lanza

type: schools, seminars and other courses area: all areas

organizers: Eleonora Cinti, Giacomo De Palma